collagen amino acids

Collagen amino acids are made from the hydrolylsis (breaking down with water) of protein...

acetyl glucosamine

Amino acid sugar and primary constituent of mucopolysaccharides and hyaluronic acid.

Butyrospermum parkii

Buxus chinensis

almond oil

Non-volatile oil extracted from the seeds of almonds and used as an emollient.

amino acids

Amino acids are fundamental constituents of all proteins found in the body.

aspartic acid

Amino acid that can help strengthen skin’s natural defence system, making it less likely to show signs of ageing from environmental damage.

beta-sitosterol

Beta-sitosterol is a fatty acid-type ingredient derived from plants, and is similar to cholesterol...

canola oil

Plant lipid that has skin restoring and soothing properties…

carrot oil

Emollient plant oil similar to other nonfragrant plant oils.

egg yolk

Egg yolk is mostly water and lipids (fats), especially cholesterol, which makes it a good emollient...

eicosapentaenoic acid

Fatty acid derived from salmon oil; it is a good emollient and replenishing ingredient for skin.

fatty acid

Substance typically found in plant and animal lipids (fat). Fatty acids include compounds such as...

ceramide AP

ceramide EOP

ceramide NP

One of several types of ceramides.

ceramide NS

ceramides

Ceramides are naturally occurring, long chains of fats that are major components of skin’s outer layers. Adding them to a skincare product provides replenishing benefits.

cetearyl octanoate

cholesterol

The surface of skin depends on the stratum corneum lipid matrix, which...

chondroitin sulfate

cysteine

cystine

decylene glycol

Functions as a skin-conditioning agent that can help enhance the penetration of other ingredients.

dextran

Polysaccharide that has water-binding properties for skin. Can be used to create a skin care product’s hydrogel structure.

fibronectin

Type of protein found in the skin....

fructose

A natural sugar that occurs in many fruits as well as in honey. Acts as a flavouring agent and humectant in cosmetics and is also a prebiotic.

glucosamine HCL

A form of glucosamine, an amino sugar that can be considered a skin-restorative...

glucose

Glucose is a natural sugar that’s often obtained for cosmetics via the breakdown of various natural starches, which are also carbohydrates. Helps bind moisture to skin, adds flavour to lip products, and is part of many saccharides that work as prebiotics.

glutamine

Can help improve the function of skin...

glycerin

Glycerin, also called glycerol or glycerine, is present in all natural lipids (fats), whether animal or vegetable.

glycerine

glycerol

isoleucine

jojoba oil

Emollient, non-fragrant oil (technically, a polyunsaturated wax) extracted from the seeds of a perennial shrub.

jojoba wax

Semi-solid portion of jojoba oil.

lactobionate

Polysaccharide that has water-binding properties for skin.

lanolin

Emollient, very thick substance derived from sheep. Lanolin has long been...

lanolin alcohol

Emollient derived from lanolin.

lauric acid

One of several fatty acids found in coconut oil and other natural fats.

lecithin

Phospholipid found in egg yolks and may be plant or animal derived. It is widely used in...

glycine

glycogen

Polysaccharide that has water-binding properties for skin.

glycolipid

Type of lipid composed of sugar (monosaccharide) and fat (lipid) that forms an important component...

glycosaminoglycans

Also known as mucopolysaccharides; these are a fundamental component of skin and are...

glycosphingolipid

hyaluronic acid

Component of skin that is used in skincare products as a good restorative ingredient....

hydrogenated palm glycerides

Palm glycerides are the fatty acid component of palm oil. When a plant oil is hydrogenated, it is...

hydrolyzed glycosaminoglycans

A skin-restorative ingredient that has been hydrolyzed, which is a chemical process involving the...

inositol

Major component of lecithin whose relation to glycerin means it may have water-binding properties for skin.

leucine

Amino acid.

lipid

Wide range of ingredients found in plants, animals, and human skin. Lipids include fatty acids,...

lysine

Amino acid.

PEG-75 shea butter glycerides

A form of shea butter where select fatty acids are combined with polyethylene glycol to create a lighter moisturizing agent with mild cleansing properties.

Persea gratissima (avocado) oil

Persea gratisima is the Latin name for avocado, and the oil from this fruit is an excellent source of skin-replenishing fatty acids

phenylalanine

phosphatidylcholine

Active ingredient in lecithin…

phosphatidylethanolamine

phospholipid

Type of lipid (fat) composed of glycerol, fatty acids, and phosphate. Phospholipids are essential...

phytosphingosine

Long-chain, complex fatty alcohol that functions as a water-binding agent and also has preservative...

phytosterols

Phytosterols are naturally occurring, cholesterol-like molecules found in all plant foods.

Mangifera indica (mango) seed butter

More commonly known as mango butter, this ingredient is a very good plant-based...

melibiose

Saccharide that can have good water-binding properties.

methionine

milk protein

mucopolysaccharide

Also known as glycosaminoglycans. This is a large class of ingredients that includes hyaluronic...

N-acetyl-L tyrosine

NaPCA

natural moisturising factor (NMF)

One of the primary elements in keeping skin feeling and looking healthier…

Olea europaea fruit oil

Olea europaea oil unsaponifiables

An unsaponifiable oil is the portion of a plant oil that is not broken down when the oil's fatty...

olive-oil/olive-fruit-oil

Emollient plant oil similar to many other non-fragrant plant oils. The concept of olive oil having...

palm oil

Has emollient and antioxidant properties for skin.

palmitic acid

Blend of the fatty acid palmitic acid with several amino acids…

polysaccharide

Natural component of skin that can be a good water-binding agent and potentially have antioxidant...

proline

pumpkin seed extract

Type of squash that is a very good source of antioxidant cartenoids. Pumpkin seed oil and extract...

sodium dilauramidoglutamide lysine

Plant-derived ingredient that helps skin rejuvenate, while also functioning as a surfactant and emulsifier to keep the formula from separating. Its ceramide-like structure has a high affinity for skin.

sodium hyaluronate

The salt form of skin-replenishing ingredient hyaluronic acid.

sodium hyaluronate crosspolymer

A modified form of skin-replenishing hyaluronic acid attached to a polymer structure

sodium PCA

PCA (pyrrolidone carboxylic acid) is a natural component of skin that is also a very good...

sphingolipids

Sphingolipids are complex lipids (fats) that function as skin-replenishing and conditioning ingredients...

squalane

Squalane is a moisturising ingredient that’s also a source of skin-replenishing fatty acids and antioxidants.

squalene

Oil derived from shark liver or from plants (usually olives). It is a natural component...

stearates

stearic acid

Fatty acid used as an emollient and emulsifier...

sucrose

Monosaccharide that has hydrating properties for skin.

saccharide isomerate

Water-binding agent and emollient, particularly helpful for dry skin. Research indicates it has an affinity for soothing and strengthening skin’s barrier, while delivering long-lasting hydration.

saccharides

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Saccharomyces, from the Latin, literally means “sugar fungus,” and is the scientific name for the...

Sclerocarya birrea

More commonly known as marula oil, Sclerocarya birrea oil is a non-fragrant plant oil that's a rich source...

serine

Simmondsia chinensis (jojoba) seed oil

skin-replenishing ingredients

These are skincare ingredients that help enrich skin’s surface, drenching it with revitalizing hydration and keeping it there.

sodium chondroitin sulfate

Derived from natural mucopolysaccharides, it functions as a skin-softening agent and helps...

thiotaurine

Amino acid. Potentially, it can have antioxidant properties for skin...

threonine

tribehenin

Also known as glyceryl tribehenate, a skin-conditioning agent that is a mixture of glycerin and...

trihydroxystearin

A mixture of glycerin and castor oil-derived fatty acids that is used in amounts between 1–7% as an emollient and thickening agent.

tryptophan

urea

Component of urine, although synthetic versions are used in cosmetics. In small amounts urea has...

valine

vitamin F

Name sometimes used to represent essential fatty acids of linoleic acid and linolenic acid. These...

wheat protein

PEG-12 glyceryl dimyristate

A skin-replenishing ingredient that is a polymer of ethylene oxide.

caprooyl phytosphingosine

A mixture of fatty acids caproic acid and phytosphingosine.

caprooyl sphingosine

A mixture of fatty acids caproic acid and sphingosine.

ceramide EOS

ceramide NG

Salvia hispanica (chia) seed oil

Non-fragrant plant oil whose seeds are a rich source of fatty acids...

almond/borage/linseed/olive acids glycerides

A mixture of the fatty acid and triglyceride components of several non-fragrant plant oils, including almond, borage, linseed, and olive.

Euterpe oleracea (acai) sterols

Euterpe oleracea (acai) sterols are the sterol portion derived from the acai plant.

glucosylceramides

Glucosylceramides are responsible for the healthy formation and appearance of skin’s upper layers.

phytoceramides

Phytoceramides are plant-derived ceramides.

phytosphingosine phosphate

Phytosphingosine phosphate is a large mix of esters derived from phytosphingosine and phosphoric acid.

magnesium PCA

Magnesium PCA is the magnesium salt of PCA (pyrrolidone carboxylic acid), which is part of skin’s intercellular matrix.

calcium PCA

Calcium PCA is the calcium salt of PCA (pyrrolidone carboxylic acid), which is a key component of skin’s natural moisturising factor, or NMF.

potassium PCA

Potassium PCA is the potassium salt of PCA (pyrrolidone carboxylic acid), a substance that’s a natural part of skin’s intercellular matrix.